4^th International Conference on Cardiovascular Diseases and Therapeutics August 16-17, 2021 Prague, Czech Republic

Track 01 - Interventional Cardiology and Heart Surgery

Interventional cardiology requires the correction of vessels, narrowed arteries or other compromised parts of the heart system that are impaired or weakened. It is a non-surgical technique for care that uses a narrow flexible tube called a catheter. By catheterization, the heart may be exposed to several procedures. It typically involves catheter injection into the cardiac system's heart chamber / coronary arteries / valves and heart cannulation under X-ray visualisation or most often fluoroscopy. Scars and pain and lengthy post-operative recovery are avoided by the adaptation of this form of treatment. Because of extended fluoroscopy time and radiographic exposure, the procedures used in interventional cardiology result in significant patient radiation doses.

Surgery on the heart or large arteries is cardiac surgery or heart surgery. It is carried out to address the issues associated with the heart. A heart surgeon is a cardiac surgery specialist. In contrast with conventional open heart surgery, newer methods of heart surgery (such as off-pump and minimally invasive) can minimise risks and speed up recovery time. Cardiac surgery is performed by a heart surgeon to fix or replace heart valves, fix irregular or damaged heart structures, insert medical devices that help regulate heart rate or promote heart function and blood flow, or replace a damaged heart with a healthy heart from a donor.

• Open heart surgery
• Modern beating-heart surgery
• Coronary artery bypass grafting
• Minimally invasive surgery
• Robot-assisted surgeries
• Transplantation of the heart
• Angioplasty
• Valvuloplasty

Track 02 - Pediatric and Neonatal Cardiology

The aim of paediatric cardiology is to diagnose congenital heart defects, to perform diagnostic procedures such as echocardiograms, cardiac catheterization and electrophysiology studies, and to manage the onset of cardiac disease in infants , children and adolescents on an ongoing basis. Myocarditis (the condition is characterised by inflammation of the heart muscle) involves different forms of inflammatory heart disease; Kawasaki's disease is a rare childhood disease that affects blood vessels. The prenatal diagnosis and care given to pregnant women at risk or suspected to be carrying babies with heart defects is neonatal cardiology.

• Pediatric heart catheterization
• Risk and diagnosis of disease
• Pediatric angina
• Pediatric diseases pathology
• Pediatric heart transplants
• Pediatric cardiologists
• Pediatric heart physiology

Track 03 - Hypertension and Healthcare

Hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is constantly raised at a steady rate. This is often referred to as high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease with high vital signs or blood vessels. It can lead to serious health issues and raise the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and sometimes death. The different forms of cardiovascular disease and their evaluation are mainly discussed in this session. Practically 90-95 % of cases are primary and the unhealthy lifestyle followed by excessive alcohol, salt, body weight, etc. This is suffered by the remaining 5-10% of individuals due to kidney artery thinning, chronic kidney diseases, and endocrine disorder. Cardiovascular disease evaluation generally involves hypertension confirmation, risk factors, underlying causes, organ damage & indications and drug contraindications. Hypertension might be a major threat issue for cardiopathy and stroke.

• Hypertension – Stress and Stroke
• Advanced Treatment Approaches
• Hypertensive Heart Disease
• Causes of Cardiac Arrest Due to Hypertension
• Causative Factors and Risk Assessment

Track 04 - Heart Rhythm and Arrhythmia

Arrhythmia is a problem with the heart beat 's rhythm or speed. The heartbeat is too slow during an arrhythmia, or too rapid, with an irregular rhythm. The heartbeat that is too fast is called Bradycardia, a tachycardia that is too slow. It is almost harmless to have arrhythmias, where as few can be extreme and even life-threatening. The heart will not be able to pump the necessary blood into the body when the pulse is very slow or erratic or rapid. This can result in heart damage and Different Organs of the Body

• Ventricular Fibrillation
• Bradycardia
• Tachycardia
• Atrial Fibrillation

Track 05 - Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies

Heart failure, occasionally recognized as congestive heart failure, occurs when  heart muscle doesn't pump blood as efficiently as it can. Some disorders, such as tapered arteries in  heart (coronary artery disease) or high blood pressure, eventually leave the heart too weak and pump proficiently. Not all conditions that leads to heart failure can be reversed, but treatments may progress the signs and symptoms of heart failure and allow people to live longer.

Cardiomyopathy is a group of diseases that alter the heart muscle. Primary on there can be few or no symptoms. As the disease aggravate, shortness of breath, feeling tired, and swelling of the legs may occur, due to the onset of heart failure. An irregular heart beat and fainting can occur. There is an increased risk of sudden cardiac death in those affected. Types of cardiomyopathy contains hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (broken heart syndrome). In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy the heart muscle increases and thickens. In dilated cardiomyopathy the ventricles increases and weaken. In restrictive cardiomyopathy the ventricle stiffens.

Track 06 - Acute Coronary Syndromes

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a syndrome caused by decreased blood flow to the coronary artery (set of signs and symptoms) so that part of the heart muscle does not function properly or dies. The most common symptom is chest pain, frequently radiating to the left shoulder or angle of the jaw, crushing, central and associated with nausea and sweating. Many people with acute coronary syndrome, particularly women, elderly patients, and patients with diabetes mellitus, have symptoms other than chest pain.

Acute coronary syndrome is usually related with three clinical symptoms, named according to the presence of the electrocardiogram (ECG): ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI, 30%) and  non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI, 25%), or unstable angina (38%).There may be several variation as to which forms of myocardial infarction (MI) are classified under acute coronary syndrome.

Track 07 - Robotic Heart Surgery

Robotically-assisted heart surgery  is  also known as closed-chest heart surgery, can be a type of negligibly intrusive heart surgery performed by a cardiac specialist. The specialist employs a specially built computer console to monitor the lean mechanical weapons of surgical rebels. Robotically-assisted surgery has altered the way of certain heart operations are being performed. This technology permits specialists to achieve certain types of complex heart surgeries with smaller incisions and precise motion control, offering patients improved outcomes. In the case of robotically assisted minimally-invasive surgery , the surgeon uses one of two techniques to administer the instruments instead of directly moving the instruments. These involve using a direct telemanipulator or manipulating machines. A telemanipulator is a remote manipulator that enables the surgeon to conduct normal surgery-related movements. Using end-effectors and manipulators to perform the actual surgery, the robotic arms carry out those movements. The surgeon uses a computer to monitor the robotic arms and their end effectors in computer-controlled systems, although these systems can also use telemanipulators for their input as well. One benefit of using the computerised system is that it is not necessary for the surgeon to be present, resulting in the possibility of remote surgery.

Track 08 - Cardiac Imaging

Cardiac imaging, also known as cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), is a medical imaging technology for the non-nosed assessment of the cardiovascular system's function and structure with a cardiovascular imaging branch that clarifies the cross-sectional imaging studies of the heart and vascular system using computed tomography (CT or 'CAT') and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Both CT and MRI are non-invasive imaging modalities that generate detailed images of the structures inside the heart using a strong magnetic field, radio waves and a computer. It is used in patients with congenital heart disease to diagnose or monitor cardiac disease and to assess the anatomy and function of the heart. To ensure optimum diagnostic quality in patient care while also minimising patient exposure to ionising radiation, MUSC operates the most up-to - date, cutting-edge imaging instruments.

• Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
• Noninvasive cardiac imaging
• Clinical uses of cardiac imaging
• Cardiac MRI
• Physician impairment
• Echocardiography
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Computed tomography (CT)
• Nuclear medicine imaging
• Coronary catheterization
• Intravascular ultrasound

Track 09 - Cardio-oncology

Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the leading causes of death  in many parts of the world and Cardio-oncology is the intersection of cardiac problems in cancer treated patients. For both diseases arising in the same patient, there are many explanations. The risk factors for coronary artery disease ( CAD) and cancer include age, tobacco use and obesity. The effects of radio- and chemotherapy in long-term malignancy survivors may be other causes. These treatments have a direct effect on the heart, which needs, in some cases, surgical correction. Malignancy may also occur during long-term follow-up after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The growth in medical facilities also makes it more likely that heart disease and treatable cancer will be identified.

• Benign cardiac tumors, cardiac fibroma
• Atrial myxoma, tricuspid stenosis
• Cardiac neoplasm, pulmonary chondroma
• Carney complex, LAMB syndrome
• Prevention of chemotherapy-induced cardiac dysfunction
• Cancer and Heart

Track 10 - Echocardiography

Echocardiography is referred to as cardiac echo produced by the ultrasound waves that generate the images of the heart. This is a kind of ultrasound test that uses high-pitched sound waves that are transmitted through a system known as transducer. The device accepts the echoes of the sound waves as they bound with the different parts of heart. These echoes tend to produce moving pictures of heart that can be seen on a video screen. It helps to  recognize cardiomyopathies, such as cardiomyopathy with hypertrophy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and many others.

• Cardiac-gated imaging techniques
• Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• Three-dimensional echocardiography
• Angiocardiography
• Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET)
• Heart rate monitor
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
• Pacemaker monitoring
• Stress echocardiography
• Myocardial perfusion imaging

Track 11 - Coronary Heart Diseases

Coronary Heart disease is often referred to as Coronary artery disease, which means  that the narrowing of the coronary arteries or plaque accumulation within the arteries that resize the coronary arteries is a common term. Blood is transported by arteries to various parts of the body and  after the heart provides blood with oxygen and nutrients. The coronary arteries are vital: blood is carried to the coronary arteries by the heart muscle. So, as the coronary arteries get narrower, the blood flow to the muscles of the heart decreases. A common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which can travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Irregularly it may feel like heartburn. Usually symptoms  happens with exercise or emotional stress, last less than a few minutes, and improve with rest. Shortness of breath can also occur and sometimes no symptoms are present. In several cases, the first sign is a heart attack. Other complications contains heart failure or an abnormal heartbeat.

• Coronary Artery Disease Angina
• Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors, Preventions and Treatment
• Coronary Artery Disease and Omega-3 Fatty Acids
• Pathophysiology of Coronary Artery Disease
• Pathophysiology- lack of oxygen
• Risk factors of coronary heart disease
• Effective lifestyle- Secondary prevention
• New treatment options for coronary artery disease
• Coronary heart disease risk in women
• Coronary heart disease causes and development   

Track 12 - Cardiac Regeneration

Cardiac regeneration is the ability of reparative stem cells to restore impaired tissue function by renewing cell growth in cardiac cells destroyed by heart disease or by a rapidly growing and controversial research. The discovery of progenitor cells inside the heart some 12 years ago stimulated interest for cell-based regenerative therapies, and about 15.5 million Americans have one or more forms of cardiovascular disease, like as heart attack, angina or heart failure. Here is the technique for heart regeneration, which allows exogenous cells to be inserted into the damaged region of the heart. These transplanted cells might generate and repopulate the injured area with myocardium. Complementary regenerative strategies to cell transplantation are instantaneously being pursued by the field.

• Cardiac regenerative therapy
• Trans differentiation during heart regeneration
• Biomimetic heart valve replacement
• Stem cell-derived engineered cardiac tissue
• NSTEMI Guidelines
• Cardio myocyte proliferation
• Angiogenesis
• Transcription
• Tissue engineering

Track 13 - Cardiac Nursing: Acute and Chronic Cardiac Care

Cardiac nursing is a discipline focused on the prevention and treatment of disorders, as well as an understanding of normal cardiac anatomy and physiology, in-depth assessment and monitoring skills,  comprehensive knowledge of cardiac disease and disorders, and ongoing education on appropriate methods of prevention methods and treatment options. Clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners delivers the comprehensive cardiovascular care for patients with acute and chronic heart.

Major areas include:

Critical Care and Acute Care management of cardiac patients, advanced health assessment, clinical prevention and advanced pathophysiology.

• Discussion on the role of nurses in achieving a successful heart failure service
• Cardiac Patient Management in Critical Care and Acute Care
• Advanced Health Assessment
• Increase knowledge of patients and education about the condition and its management

Track 14 - Cardiac Pharmacology

The pharmacological study that concerned with Cardiac  and Neuronal drugs. Cardiac or Cardiovascular pharmacology discloses the cardiac medicine activities in different heart diseases that include cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, congestive heart failure, Angina and cardiomyopathy. The neuronal pharmacology focuses on neurological disorders and their drug pharmacological activities. There is a physiological relation between these cardiac and neuropharmacology since almost every cardiac disorder is inter-dependent on the nervous system. The cardiac system is regulated internally by nervous systems that are sympathetic and parasympathetic.   

• Pharmacotherapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias
• Pharmacotherapy for Acute and Chronic Heart Failure
• Drug Therapy for Systemic Hypertension
• Anti-Ischemic Drug Therapy

Track 15 - Nuclear Cardiology

Nuclear cardiology is the study of myocardial perfusion scans, and this test is used to monitor the blood flow in the heart muscle. If these arteries are blocked, the coronary arteries carry blood to the heart muscle, so that the heart does not receive enough blood to operate properly. Coronary artery disease ( CAD) results from this blockage. The myocardial perfusion scan is divided into two sections, which are a stress scan and a rest scan. The main reason for the beginning of the diagnosis of heart disease and the assessment of the extent of the disease and the detection of results in the context of coronary artery disease is nuclear cardiology. Studies in nuclear cardiology use non-invasive techniques to analyse the flow of myocardial blood, assess the pumping mechanism of the heart, and imagine the size and placement of a heart attack. Myocardial perfusion imaging is the most commonly used among nuclear cardiology techniques. In many cancer survivors, cardiovascular disease emerges as an important cause of death, rivalling cancer recurrence. This improved cancer survival has promoted robust cancer survival, coupled with off-target side effects of oncology therapies and the availability of strategies to improve cardiovascular outcomes.

• Myocardial infarction
• Vasodilators
• Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• Perfusion

Market research study on cardiology & cardiovascular equipment offers a good image of the recent production of equipment in different business sectors. For the coming years, it also presents business predictions. For the purposes of an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by the industry as well as the growth opportunities in the sector, the report profiles some of the leading players in the global market. The global cardiovascular therapeutics market is anticipated and all set to expand and see rapid innovation with the launch of new drugs and devices entering the market. Diabetes is one of the prominent and significant factors contributing to modern cardiovascular disease becoming more prevalent, according to our market research. In 2017 , the global demand for cardiovascular devices reached almost $42.4 billion and is projected to hit $59.1 billion by 2022, with a compound annual growth rate ( CAGR) of 6.9% for the 2017-2022 period.

Interventional cardiology devices such as stents, angioplasty balloons, catheters and attachments, guidance wires, cannulae, and valves are the cardiovascular surgical devices measured; cardiac rhythm control devices such as implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD), pacemakers Cardiac assist devices(CAD) such as ventricular assistance devices, devices for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), intra-aortic balloon pump, total artificial heart, and other devices for vascular surgery such as endovascular grafts, IVC filters and devices for occlusion. Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death across the globe. It accounted for 17.3 million deaths in 2015 and is further anticipated to claim 23.6 million lives in 2030 (according to prediction by the World Health  Organization ). The International Federation of Diabetes has estimated that approx. In 2015, 415 million people were diabetic and by 2040, it is projected to grow to 642 million globally. It is projected that global spending on diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and respiratory diseases will exceed $4 trillion by 2020. In 2017, the worldwide interventional cardiology market was estimated to hit $14.69 billion and is forecast to reach $24.96 billion by 2027.

The largest contributor to the global market for interventional cardiology is North America. In the 2018-2027 forecast period, the Asia-Pacific is projected to grow at a CAGR of 7.12 percent. The United States is largely dominated by the global interventional cardiology market for innovative devices, followed by European players.

This market will grow at a CAGR of nearly 8 percent by 2021, based on the (CRM) devices market analysis. By 2022, the market adoption rate of congestive heart failure drugs will grow at a CAGR of more than 10 percent. The systemic hypertension drugs market is anticipated to hit more than USD 27 billion by the end of 2020. By the end of 2020, the global demand for hypertension drugs is expected to have a impressive market value of USD 32 billion. According to the market research of angina pectoris medications, by 2021, market analysts predict that the market will expand steadily at a CAGR of about 4 percent. This market will grow steadily at a CAGR of almost 14 percent by 2021 through the analysis of the cardiac prosthetic devices industry. An overview of the global market for cardiac monitoring indicates that it will grow steadily by 2021 at a CAGR of more than 8 percent. Over the 2016-2022 forecast period , the global cardiovascular training equipment market will grow steadily at a CAGR of more than 4 percent. It is projected that by 2022, the global cardiovascular diagnostic POC market will hit over USD 1.3 billion. Over the 2019-2023 period, the Global Cardiovascular Information System market will grow at a CAGR of 7.90 percent.

In 2018 , the global market for interventional cardiology devices and equipment reached a terrific sales point of about $8.58 billion and is estimated to grow to $10.27 billion by 2022 at a CAGR of 4.6 percent. GE Healthcare, Abbott Laboratories, Boston Scientific Corporation, Medtronic, and Johnson & Johnson are major companies in the cardio system industry.

A rise in cardiovascular diseases is driving the growth in the market for interventional cardiology devices and equipment. The health conditions that are associated with the blood vessels, circulatory system, and heart are cardiovascular diseases. The rapid rise in cardiovascular diseases has become the key explanation for the increase in healthcare spending, which in turn has increased the demand for medical equipment, further increasing the growth of interventional cardiac devices. According to the estimate given by the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disorders accounted for 17.3 million deaths in 2015 and more claims are to be raised to 23.6 million deaths by 2030.

Globally, CVD has been the root cause of death and is responsible for more than 17 million deaths annually. Market research, which involves a discussion of different products, current and expected markets, rivals, and opportunities in the global market for diagnostic and directed interventional cardiology products, including equipment such as trans catheter angiography, has therefore become relevant. Intravascular stenosis, intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), optical coherence tomography ( OCT), and robotic-assisted surgical systems direct wire-based assessment. Global sales are projected to expand during 2016-21 at a compound annual growth rate ( CAGR) of 6.4 percent, rising from about $3,491.3 million in 2016 to an estimated $4,761.4 million in 2021.The United States, five major European markets (France , Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom), Japan and the rest of the world (combining estimated sales data for all other countries) are the countries / regions covered in this report.

Highlights:

• Diagnostic interventional cardiology products in the preoperative work-up of patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease are less commonly used. The primary application of these technologies is to direct minimally invasive therapies (e.g. stenting).

• Angiography products accounted for 59 percent of overall product sales in 2016, including cardiac X-ray systems and transcatheter products. During the forecast period, ICE and OCT systems sales are expected to experience the fastest growth.
• The demand for diagnostic and directed interventional cardiology devices is anticipated to experience modest growth during the forecast period, rising to an estimated $4.8bn by 2021.
• The diagnostic and guided interventional cardiology device market in the United States accounted for about 35 percent of all sales, followed by five major European markets.